High-dimensional decoy-state quantum key distribution over 0.3 km of multicore telecommunication optical fibers

Multiplexing is a strategy to augment the transmission capacity of a communication system. It consists of combining multiple signals over the same data channel and it has been very successful in classical communications. However, the use of enhanced channels has only reached limited practicality in quantum communications (QC) as it requires the complex manipulation of quantum systems of higher dimensions. Considerable effort is being made towards QC using high-dimensional quantum systems encoded into the transverse momentum of single photons but, so far, no approach has been proven to be fully compatible with the existing telecommunication infrastructure. Here, we overcome such a technological challenge and demonstrate a stable and secure high-dimensional decoy-state quantum key distribution session over a 0.3 km long multicore optical fiber. The high-dimensional quantum states are defined in terms of the multiple core modes available for the photon transmission over the fiber, and the decoy-state analysis demonstrates that our technique enables a positive secret key generation rate up to 25 km of fiber propagation. Finally, we show how our results build up towards a high-dimensional quantum network composed of free-space and fiber based linksComment: Please see the complementary work arXiv:1610.01812 (2016

Development of a pipeline for exploratory metabolic profiling of infant urine

Numerous metabolic profiling pipelines have been developed to characterize the composition of human biofluids and tissues, the vast majority of these being for studies in adults. To accommodate limited sample volume and to take into account the compositional differences between adult and infant biofluids, we developed and optimized sample handling and analytical procedures for studying urine from newborns. A robust pipeline for metabolic profiling using NMR spectroscopy was established, encompassing sample collection, preparation, spectroscopic measurement, and computational analysis. Longitudinal samples were collected from five infants from birth until 14 months of age. Methods of extraction and effects of freezing and sample dilution were assessed, and urinary contaminants from breakdown of polymers in a range of diapers and cotton wool balls were identified and compared, including propylene glycol, acrylic acid, and tert-butanol. Finally, assessment of urinary profiles obtained over the first few weeks of life revealed a dramatic change in composition, with concentrations of phenols, amino acids, and betaine altering systematically over the first few months of life. Therefore, neonatal samples require more stringent standardization of experimental design, sample handling, and analysis compared to that of adult samples to accommodate the variability and limited sample volume

Ocena wartosci odzywczej posilkow obiadowych w stolowce studenckiej

Badania obejmowały jakościową i ilościową ocenę obiadów w stołówce studenckiej Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu w oparciu o teoretyczną analizę jadłospisów z zastosowaniem programu komputerowego ŻYWIENIE v.1.0. Obliczono wartość energetyczną, zawartość: białka, tłuszczu, węglowodanów; witamin: A, C, B1, B2 i składników mineralnych: Ca i Fe, 56 jadłospisów obiadowych z czterech pór roku: wiosny, lata, jesieni i zimy. Stwierdzono, że analizowane obiady pokrywają dzienne zapotrzebowanie na energię i składniki odżywcze w 40% dla studentek i w 30% dla studentów. Ponadto stwierdzono zbyt wysoką zawartość tłuszczu.The paper presents analysis of the 56 menus of student’s dinners from the canteen of the University of Economics in Wroclaw, with the use of the ŻYWIENIE v.1.0 computer program. The energy values, contents of protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins: A, C, B1, B2, mineral ingredients: Ca, Fe were calculated for dinner menus of four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. It was found that the analysed dinners menus covered daily allowances for energy values for female students in 40% and in 30% for male students. The analysis proved that the fat content has been too high

Oszacowanie zawartosci skladnikow mineralnych w racjach pokarmowych mlodziezy szkolnej

Oszacowano zawartość składników mineralnych w całodziennych racjach pokarmowych (CRP) wybranych stołówek przy i internatach we Wrocławiu i porównano z normami żywieniowymi. Analizowane CRP pokrywały zapotrzebowanie młodzieży szkół średnich na Mo. W nadmiarze pokrywały zapotrzebowanie na Na, K, Cl, P, Fe, Mn, Mg, Zn, Cu, a nie pokrywały zapotrzebowania na Ca, I, F, Se, Cr. Zawartość S w analizowanych CRP wynosiła 372 - 643 mg, a Co 18 - 46 µg.The aim of this study was to estimate the content of mineral components in daily food rations from selected canteens at the dormitories in Wrocław and comparison to daily requirements. It was demonstrated that the studied food rations were covering requirements for secondary school children in the case of Mo, were covering requirement with excess of Na, K, Cl, P, Fe, Mn, Mg, Zn, Cu and failed to confirm the daily requirements for Ca, I, F, Se, Cr. Contents of S was 372 - 643 mg and of Co was 18 - 46 µg

Long range failure-tolerant entanglement distribution

We introduce a protocol to distribute entanglement between remote parties. Our protocol is based on a chain of repeater stations, and exploits topological encoding to tolerate very high levels of defects and errors. The repeater stations may employ probabilistic entanglement operations which usually fail; ours is the first protocol to explicitly allow for technologies of this kind. Given an error rate between stations in excess of 10%, arbitrarily long range high fidelity entanglement distribution is possible even if the heralded failure rate within the stations is as high as 99%, providing that unheralded errors are low (order 0.01%)